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第60期出刊日:2025.01.01

地球系統科學國際研究生博士學位學程博士班開授
【人類活動與地表變遷/Human History and Land-Use Land-Cover Change】 課程

陳奕穎 副研究員/Yi-Ying Chen Associate Research Fellow
中央研究院 環境變遷研究中心/Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica

大家好,【人類活動與地表變遷】的課程是開在台大-中研院TIGP學程的課程,這門課同時也開給政大地政系的同學修習,是我在完成了重建臺灣地表變遷資訊的研究工作後整理手邊相關的研究資料而設計出來的課程。課程中希望讓同學以人類探索地球的角度去看全球地表變遷與氣候之間的關聯,再以氣候變化的角度看人類文明的發展(包含:調適)。課程中觀察過去人類活動對於地球環境所產生的影響,其中包含:人類文明在不同時、空尺度下的轉變、植被與氣候之關聯、地質年代與地表覆蓋之重建、局地土地利用改變對全球環境之衝擊以及科學進展對於重建歷史地表覆蓋的貢獻。課程分為以下四個主題:

  1. 了解人類歷史與探索地球的歷程
  2. .建構一個試驗性的土地使用變化模式
  3. 評估局地土地利用對全球環境改變的衝擊
  4. 運用遙測技術進行地表覆蓋變化偵測

課程中將介紹土地使用/覆蓋變化模型的發展史與相關核心概念與構想,其中包含:自動細胞機(Cellular Automaton)、馮·杜能(von Thunen)土地經濟理論與馬可夫鏈(Markov Chain)等。透過簡單的線性方程式與程式編碼與撰寫,協助學生完成建構一個試驗性的土地覆蓋變化模式。課程中我們也以北台灣做為實際案例,模擬了北台灣的前世、今生與未來 (見圖一)。最終,課程引入衛星觀測資料並介紹如何運用衛星資料反演地表的覆蓋狀況用於地表覆蓋現況進行即時的監測。

Figure 1: The model simulation result with the same demographic data for different cities in Northern Taiwan.
 

The course “Human History and Land-Use and Land-Cover Change” is offered as part of the TIGP program jointly run by NTU and AS. This course is also available for students in the Department of Land Economics at NCCU. It was designed based on the research materials I gathered after completing my research on reconstructing Taiwan’s land cover change. The goal of the course is to let students understand the relationship between land surface changes and climate from the perspective of human exploration of Earth, and then realize the trajectory of human civilization from the perspective of climate change.
During the course, we will observe the impacts of past human activities on the Earth’s environment, which include the introduction to human civilization across different time and spatial scales, the relationship between vegetation and climate, the reconstruction of geological epochs and land cover, the impact of local land use changes on the global environment, the contributions of scientific advancements to reconstruct historical land cover. The course is divided into the following four themes:

  1. The history of human exploration of the Earth
  2. Constructing an experimental land use change model
  3. Impact of local land use changes on the global environment
  4. Application of remote sensing technology in detecting land cover changes

The course will cover the development history of land use/cover change models and related core concepts and theories, including Cellular Automaton, von Thunen’s land economic theory, and Markov Chain. We will go the simple linear equations to construct the land-use land-cover change model, and students will learn how to simulate land-cover change. In the course, I plan to use northern Taiwan as a case study, simulating its past, present, and future (see Fig. 1). Finally, the course will introduce satellite observation data and demonstrate how to use satellite data to monitor current land cover conditions in real-time.